Macro-PK

Summary 1850–1920

Here, the focus is on mediums with physical effects that have been studied since the 1850s. We do not consider in this section anything related to mystics, which is covered in another section of the website.

The current website identifies 83 mediums. This is far from exhaustive (for example, Jean Pierre Granger, author of La Saga de l'Ectoplasme, has identified 350). This initial database will be expanded in partnership with other experts in the field. The aim is to describe the phenomenology for as many mediums in the database as possible, in the same way as has been done for poltergeists.

This work continues that carried out by the late Erlendur Haraldsson, who made comparisons between Indridi Indridason, Daniel Douglas Home, Eusapia Palladino, Rudi Schneider, Franek Kluski, and Einer Nielsen.

Other authors have documented these phenomena, such as Michael Nahm, Zofia Weaver, and Steven Braude (who recently passed away), to name but a few.

As with poltergeist cases, the analysis can be carried out on two levels:
-          A very detailed level, where we will attempt to identify in detail the different types of abnormal events (in relation to current scientific knowledge of physics) observed in the presence of these mediums. It is at this detailed level that the database is completed.(53 characteristics/parameters that you can use in multi-criteria searches). However, only around 20 mediums currently have these parameters filled in currently (January 2026).

-          A more synthetic level allowing comparisons to be made and a more global view to be obtained.

Furthermore, these different mediums are placed in a historical and geographical context, as was done for poltergeists.

All of this is a long-term project.

However, a summary of the most frequent events and their various occurrences observed in experiments with nine recognized physical mediums from the period 1850 to 1920 is provided below. A search of the database then allows you to learn a little more about these mediums with the associated sources of information.